The 13C Glucose Breath Test Accurately Identifies Insulin Resistance in People With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
Under euglycemic conditions, the 13C-GBT accurately identified individuals with type 1 diabetes and concurrent IR, suggesting its potential as a valuable noninvasive index.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T1D with varying body compositions
- Participants
- 44 adults
- Comparison
- 13C glucose breath test (Δ13CO2) vs hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (M-value); secondary vs estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR)
- Outcome
- Measurement of insulin resistance by Δ13CO2 from the 13C-GBT vs HEC as reference
Methodological detailsreference method: hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp
- Reference method: hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp
Performance
As reported in the abstract
Euglycemic Δ13CO2 (13C-GBT) vs HEC M-value for IR
- Mean M-value (glucose disposal rate)
- 5.9 ± 3.1 mg/kg/min
- Mean euglycemic Δ13CO2
- 6.4 ± 2.1 δ‰
- Correlation of euglycemic Δ13CO2 with M-value
- r = 0.74, P < .001
- Linear regression Δ13CO2 vs M-value, adjusted for age, sex and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
- adjusted R² = 0.52, B = 1.16, 95% CI .80-1.52, P < .001
- AUC of Δ13CO2 to identify insulin resistance (IR) (M-value < 4.9 mg/kg/min)
- 0.81 (95% CI .68-.94, P < .001)
- Optimal Δ13CO2 cut-off to identify IR
- ≤ 5.8 δ‰
Secondary outcomes
| Outcome | eGDR | Spearman's rho | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| eGDR vs M-valueMore moderate correlation | median 5.9 (IQR 4.3–9.8) mg/kg/min | 0.63 | P < 0.001 |
Original publication
The 13C Glucose Breath Test Accurately Identifies Insulin Resistance in People With Type 1 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 15 March 2024. doi:10.
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