Detection of Islet Autoantibodies in Whole Blood by Antibody Detection by Agglutination-PCR (ADAP) Technology Is Sensitive and Suitable for General Population Screening Programs
Authors' conclusion
The ADAP assay is reliable in detecting IA in venous and capillary WB samples with comparable performance to standard RIA and ELISA. These findings open avenues for widespread use of the ADAP assay in future general population screening programs to detect children at risk of developing T1D.
Study context
- Population
- Children with T1D and healthy controls; venous and capillary blood from T1D, venous only from controls50 T1D, 50 controls
- Comparison
- ADAP assay in whole blood vs standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)/radioimmunoassay (RIA)
- Outcome
- AUC for detecting islet autoantibodies
Performance
As reported in the abstract
| Test or model | AUC glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) | AUC IA-2A | AUC IAA |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADAP | 0.946 (95% CI: 0.900-0.991) | 0.747 (0.649-0.844) | 1.000 (1.000-1.000) |
| ELISA/RIA | 0.949 (0.906-0.992) | 0.666 (0.587-0.744) | 1.000 (1.000-1.000) |
AUC glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA)
ADAP0.946 (95% CI: 0.900-0.991)
ELISA/RIA0.949 (0.906-0.992)
AUC IA-2A
ADAP0.747 (0.649-0.844)
ELISA/RIA0.666 (0.587-0.744)
AUC IAA
ADAP1.000 (1.000-1.000)
ELISA/RIA1.000 (1.000-1.000)
- ADAP vs ELISA/RIA: P = 0.873
- ADAP vs ELISA/RIA: P = 0.106
- ADAP vs ELISA/RIA: P = 1.000
Further findings
Correlation of IA levels in venous vs capillary whole blood (WB) using ADAP
- GADA R 2
- 0.958 (P < 0.01)
- IA-2A R 2
- 0.943 (P < 0.01)
- IAA R 2
- 0.711 (P < 0.01)
Agreement of venous vs capillary WB using ADAP (Bland-Altman)
- IA levels comparable without proportional bias
Original publication
Detection of Islet Autoantibodies in Whole Blood by Antibody Detection by Agglutination-PCR (ADAP) Technology Is Sensitive and Suitable for General Population Screening Programs. Pediatr Diabetes. Published 14 March 2024. doi:10.
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