Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Prevalence of maternal hyperglycemic subtypes by race/ethnicity and associations between these subtypes with adverse pregnancy outcomes: Findings from a large retrospective multi-ethnic cohort in the United States
Authors' conclusion
The prevalence of hyperglycemic subtypes varies by race/ethnicity and they have distinct health implications.
Study context
- Population
- Pregnancies screened with the two-step gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) approach, US multi-ethnic cohort; subtypes PIGT-I, PIGT-II, GDM-I (abnormal post-load glucose only), GDM-II (abnormal fasting & post-load glucose)
- Participants
- 11,405 pregnancies
- Exposure
- Prevalence of hyperglycemic subtypes by race/ethnicity (Asians, Hispanics vs non-Hispanic Whites (NHW)); associations of subtypes with adverse pregnancy outcomes
- Outcome
- Prevalence of hyperglycemic subtypes by race/ethnicity (age-adjusted prevalence ratios)
Methodological detailsmulti-ethnic, two-step GDM screening
- Multi-ethnic
- Two-step GDM screening
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Age-adjusted PR of hyperglycemic subtypes vs NHW
- Asians
- Prevalence ratios (PR), PIGT-I 1.51 (95% CI 1.35–1.69)
- Asians
- PR, PIGT-II 2.18 (95% CI 1.78–2.68)
- Asians
- PR, GDM-I 2.55 (95% CI 2.10–3.10)
- Asians
- PR, GDM-II 1.55 (95% CI 1.08–2.21)
- Hispanics
- PR, PIGT-I 1.32 (95% CI 1.16–1.50)
- Hispanics
- PR, PIGT-II 2.07 (95% CI 1.67–2.57)
- Hispanics
- PR, GDM-I 1.69 (95% CI 1.35–2.13)
- Hispanics
- PR, GDM-II 2.68 (95% CI 1.93–3.71)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Associations of hyperglycemic subtypes with adverse pregnancy outcomes (multivariable-adjusted RR)
| Estimate | ||
|---|---|---|
| PIGT-IIMultivariable-adjusted | RR, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy 1.19 (95% CI 1.02–1.38) | |
| PIGT-IIMultivariable-adjusted | RR, large-for-gestational age 1.73 (95% CI 1.37–2.18) | |
| PIGT-IIMultivariable-adjusted | RR, preterm birth 1.33 (95% CI 1.05–1.68) | |
| PIGT-IMultivariable-adjusted | RR, preterm birth 1.23 (95% CI 1.04–1.45) | |
| GDM-IEstimate outside its printed interval · multivariable-adjusted | RR, preterm birth 1.56 (95% CI 0.87–1.71) | |
| 0.512Ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Prevalence of maternal hyperglycemic subtypes by race/ethnicity and associations between these subtypes with adverse pregnancy outcomes: Findings from a large retrospective multi-ethnic cohort in the United States. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 14 February 2024. doi:10.
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