Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Maternal vascular dysfunction in gestational diabetes is associated with birth of small neonates
Authors' conclusion
Women with GDM and vascular dysfunction have higher risk to deliver SGA neonates. Maternal hemodynamic and vascular maladaptation could potentially explain the development of SGA in women with GDM.
Study context
- Population
- Women at 35+0 to 36+6 weeks' gestation with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)1,228 GDM
- Participants
- 11,132 women
- Exposure
- GDM vs non-GDM pregnancies, by small-for-gestational age (SGA), AGA and large-for-gestational age (LGA) neonates
- GDM SGAn = 158
- GDM LGAn = 136
- Non-GDM SGAn = 1,051
- Non-GDM LGAn = 806
- Outcome
- Maternal hemodynamic and vascular indices by fetal size group
- Follow-up
- 35+0 to 36+6 weeks
Methodological detailsmultinomial logistic regression
- Multinomial logistic regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- In GDM and non-GDM women, SGA groups had the highest uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) percentiles, pulse-wave velocity (PWV) and ophthalmic artery peak systolic velocity ratio
- PWV higher in GDM SGA vs non-GDM SGA
- Cardiac output lower in SGA groups vs AGA
- In GDM, total peripheral resistance (TPR), ophthalmic artery PSV ratio and uterine artery PI percentile positively associated with SGA
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Incidence of GDM, SGA and LGA
- Incidence of GDM, SGA and LGA — Developed GDM
- 1,228 (11.0%)
Original publication
Maternal vascular dysfunction in gestational diabetes is associated with birth of small neonates. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 1 February 2025. doi:10.
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