Income and Severe Hypoglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
In this cohort study of adults with type 2 diabetes, low income was found to be a significant factor associated with risk for severe hypoglycemia. Addressing socioeconomic disparities and implementing targeted interventions may help reduce the incidence and severity of hypoglycemia.
Study context
- Population
- Adults aged 40 to 70 years with T2D from the Korean National Health Information Database (NHID) with health examinations 2015–2016; UKBB participants aged 40 to 70 years with T2D for sensitivity analysisNHID
- Participants
- 1,838,362 adults
- Exposure
- Lower vs higher income
- Outcome
- Severe hypoglycemia requiring medical intervention
Methodological detailsUK Biobank sensitivity analysis
- UK Biobank sensitivity analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Severe hypoglycemia
Lower income vs Higher incomeHazard ratio (95% CI)
NHID
2.50(2.33–2.57)
UKBB sensitivity analysis
5.38(1.72–16.85)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Severe hypoglycemia by income change over 5 years (NHID)
- Income increased from lowest quartile or medical aid to fourth quartile: lower risk, HR
- 0.74 (95% CI 0.67-0.81; P for trend <.001)
- Medical aid for at least 1 year: higher risk, HR
- 1.71 (95% CI 1.54-1.89)
Subgroups
- Association between income and severe hypoglycemia consistently greater in men, those not using insulin, those without CKD and those with shorter DM duration
Original publication
Income and Severe Hypoglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes. JAMA Netw Open. Published 2 June 2025. doi:10.
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