Gut‐derived appetite hormones do not explain energy intake differences in humans following low‐carbohydrate versus low‐fat diets
Authors' conclusion
In the short term, endogenous gut-derived appetite hormones do not necessarily determine ad libitum energy intake.
Study context
- Population
- Adults, mean (SEM) age 30 (1) years, BMI 27.8 (1.3) kg/m²; 8 normal weight, 6 overweight, 6 with obesitycrossover
- Participants
- 20 adults
- Comparison
- Low-carbohydrate vs low-fat diet
- Primary endpoint
- 6-h postprandial appetite hormone responses to isocaloric macronutrient-representative breakfast test meals and subsequent ad libitum energy intake
- Follow-up
- End of each 2-week diet
Methodological detailsinpatient, randomized crossover
- Inpatient
- Randomized crossover
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Mean postprandial appetite hormones (6 h) · end of each diet
- Low-carbohydrate (LC) vs low-fat (LF): P < 0.0001
- LC vs LF: P = 0.0004
- LC vs LF: P = 0.02
- LC vs LF: P = 0.0009
- LC vs LF: P < 0.0001
- LC vs LF: P = 0.01
- Values mean (SEM)
Further findings
| Outcome | Difference (kcal) | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Subsequent ad libitum energy intake · rest of test dayLC vs LF · total daily intake; SEM 103; higher with LC | 551 | P < 0.0001 |
| Subsequent ad libitum energy intake · rest of test dayLC vs LF · lunch; SEM 85; higher with LC | 244 | P = 0.01 |
| Subsequent ad libitum energy intake · rest of test dayLC vs LF · dinner; SEM 86; higher with LC | 193 | P = 0.04 |
Original publication
Gut‐derived appetite hormones do not explain energy intake differences in humans following low‐carbohydrate versus low‐fat diets. Obesity (Silver Spring). Published 7 August 2024. doi:10.
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