Cardiovascular disease in transgender people: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors' conclusion
Transgender people have a 40% higher risk of CVD compared with cisgender people of the same birth sex. This emphasizes the importance of cardiovascular risk management. Future studies should assess the potential influence of socio-economic and lifestyle factors.
Study context
- Population
- Transgender women or men and cisgender people of the same birth sex; studies evaluating cardiovascular events, searched until July 202222 studies
- Participants
- 19,893 / 371,547 / 14,840 / 434,700
- Comparison
- Transgender women vs cisgender men; transgender men vs cisgender women
- Transgender womenn = 19,893
- Cisgender menn = 371,547reference
- Transgender menn = 14,840
- Cisgender womenn = 434,700reference
- Outcome
- Stroke, MI and VTE
Methodological detailsrandom-effects meta-analysis
- Random-effects meta-analysis
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Relative risk (95% CI)
Transgender womenvs Cisgender menstroke; incidence 1.8% in transgender women
1.3(1.0–1.8)
Transgender menvs Cisgender womenstroke; incidence 0.8% in transgender men
1.3(1.0–1.6)
- Myocardial infarction (MI) incidence 1.2%; pooled RR
- 1.0 (95% CI, 0.8-1.2)
- Venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence 1.6%; times higher
- 2.2 (95% CI, 1.1-4.5)
- MI incidence 0.6%; pooled RR
- 1.7 (95% CI, 0.8-3.6)
- VTE incidence 0.7%; times higher
- 1.4 (95% CI, 1.0-2.0)
Original publication
Cardiovascular disease in transgender people: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol. Published 1 February 2024. doi:10.
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