Autoimmune diseases in 3812 Danish transgender persons and 38 120 cisgender controls before and after transgender care: a register-based cohort study
Authors' conclusion
Higher incidence of type 1 diabetes in TG compared with cisgender controls could be attenuated by TG care.
Study context
- Population
- Individuals diagnosed with gender dysphoria 2000–2021, Danish national registers3,812 transgender (TG), 38,120 controls
- Participants
- 1,993 / 1,819 / 38,120
- Exposure
- Transgender persons vs age-matched cisgender controls of same and opposite birth sex
- TMn = 1,993
- TFn = 1,819
- Controlsn = 38,120reference
- Outcome
- Any autoimmune disease, T1D and/or thyroid disease (ICD-10 diagnosis and/or medical treatment for T1D or thyroid disease)
Methodological detailsnational, age-matched controls
- National
- Age-matched controls
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Autoimmune disease incidence before TG diagnosis
Each group vs controlsIncidence rate ratio (CI)
TMT1D; controls of same birth sex
1.98(1.16–3.36)
TFT1D; controls of same birth sex
1.66(1.05–2.61)
TFany autoimmune disease; controls of same birth sex
1.35(1.04–1.77)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | IRR (CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Autoimmune disease incidence after TG diagnosisTFvs ControlsThyroid disease; controls of same birth sex | 1.98 (1.09–3.61) | |
| 0.20.5125Incidence rate ratio (log scale) |
| Outcome | Estimate |
|---|---|
| Autoimmune disease in TM using GAHT vs nonusers · after TG diagnosis | 2.50 (CI 1.10–5.67) |
Autoimmune disease incidence after TG diagnosis
- IRR for remaining autoimmune outcomes comparable between TG and controls of same birth sex
Original publication
Autoimmune diseases in 3812 Danish transgender persons and 38 120 cisgender controls before and after transgender care: a register-based cohort study. Eur J Endocrinol. Published 15 March 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →