Cardiometabolic Risk Assessment in Transgender Individuals—Differential Effect of Sex Hormones and Sex Chromosomes
Authors' conclusion
The results are consistent with increased cardiometabolic risk in transgender men, while transgender women show beneficial changes early during gender-affirming hormone therapy. Sex chromosomes have fewer intrinsic effects. XY individuals and transgender men display an increased apparent diabetes risk. Further research on cardiometabolic risk is needed for transgender individuals.
Study context
- Population
- Transgender men and women studied at baseline (T0), 4 weeks (hormonal castration, T1) and 11 months after gender-affirming hormone treatment (T12)
- Participants
- 17 vs 17
- Exposure
- T12 vs T0; XX vs XY individuals at T1
- Transgender menn = 17
- Transgender womenn = 17
- Outcome
- Cardiometabolic risk biomarkers and functional CV measurements
- Follow-up
- T0 to T12
Methodological detailslongitudinal, gender-affirming hormone treatment
- Longitudinal
- Gender-affirming hormone treatment
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Systolic blood pressure increased in transgender men
- P = .002
- Metabolites indicating increased diabetes risk incl. plasma glucose changed in transgender men
- P = .025
- Opposite changes in transgender women
- P = .002
- Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) decreased in transgender women, unchanged in transgender men
- P < .01
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | P value |
|---|---|
| Apparent diabetes risk, XX vs XY individuals (effect of sex chromosomes) · T1Lower with XX | P = 0.002 |
Original publication
Cardiometabolic Risk Assessment in Transgender Individuals—Differential Effect of Sex Hormones and Sex Chromosomes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 23 October 2024. doi:10.
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