Visit-to-Visit Variability in Lipid Levels and Risk of Incident Heart Failure in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
Increased variability in TC, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, or TG is independently associated with a higher HF risk among individuals with T2DM.
Study context
- Population
- Participants with T2D from ACCORD with lipid measurements at six time points (baseline, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 36 months)345 developed heart failure (HF)
- Participants
- 9,443 participants
- Comparison
- Highest vs lowest quartile of visit-to-visit lipid variability
- Primary endpoint
- Incident HF
- Follow-up
- Median 5.0 years
Methodological detailscohort analysis, Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted hazard ratios (HRs)
- Cohort analysis
- Cox proportional hazards models
- Adjusted HRs
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Incident HF by quartile of lipid CV
Highest quartile vs Lowest quartileAdjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)
CV of TC
1.68(1.22–2.30)
CV of LDL-C
1.76(1.27–2.42)
CV of HDL-C
1.53(1.13–2.06)
CV of TG
1.49(1.09–2.04)
Further findings
Other variability metrics (SD, variability independent of the mean)
- Similar patterns were observed for other variability metrics
Original publication
Visit-to-Visit Variability in Lipid Levels and Risk of Incident Heart Failure in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. Published 14 April 2025. doi:10.
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