Use of Urea for the Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone: A Systematic Review
Authors' conclusion
In this systematic review of the use of urea in SIADH and despite the lack of randomized clinical trials, lower-quality evidence was identified that suggests that urea may be an effective, safe, and inexpensive treatment modality that warrants further exploration.
Study context
- Population
- Adult patients with secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
- Participants
- 537 patients23 studies
- Comparison
- Oral urea for SIADH
- Urean = 462
- Outcome
- Serum sodium concentration after treatment
Methodological detailssystematic search of Medline and Embase
- Systematic search of Medline and Embase
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Increase in serum sodium concentration
Urea
9.6
mean · 95% CI 7.5–11.7 · mmol/L
Further pooled results
| Outcome | Values |
|---|---|
| Increase in serum sodium · 24 hours | Urea mean 4.9 (95% CI 0.5–9.3) mmol/L |
Baseline serum sodium · mean baseline
- Pooled mean baseline serum sodium
- 125.0 mmol/L (95% CI, 122.6-127.5 mmol/L)
Resource use
- Resource use too infrequently reported to be synthesized
Safety
- Cases of osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) reported
- 0
- Adverse events few, mainly distaste or dysgeusia
Original publication
Use of Urea for the Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone: A Systematic Review. JAMA Netw Open. Published 2 October 2023. doi:10.
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