Type 2 & other diabetes

Unequal distribution of plasma glucagon levels among clustering-based diabetes subtypes: a Japanese cohort

J Clin Endocrinol MetabPublished Cohort study

Main findingResult — go to the resultAdjusted odds ratio 2.17 95% CI 1.03–4.54

Authors' conclusion

The distribution of plasma glucagon levels differed among the clustering-based diabetes subtypes. SIRD is a subtype of diabetes with a hyperglucagonemic phenotype. Elucidating the reason for hyperglucagonemia in SIRD may help to clarify the mechanisms underlying the unfavorable clinical phenotype.

Study context

Population
Japanese participants with T1D or T2D categorized into 5 diabetes subtypes5 subtypes
Participants
546 participants
Exposure
Plasma glucagon levels across 5 clustering-based diabetes subtypes
Outcome
Distribution of plasma glucagon levels among clustering-based diabetes subtypes

Main finding

As reported in the abstract

Adjusted odds ratio

2.17

95% CI 1.03–4.54

P = 0.041

By group

Severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD)

45.6%

SIRD
aOR 2.17 (95% CI 1.03–4.54); P = 0.041

Observational data: associations, not effects.

Original publication

Unequal distribution of plasma glucagon levels among clustering-based diabetes subtypes: a Japanese cohort. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 13 December 2025. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaf654

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