Type 2 Diabetes Family History as a Significant Index on the Clinical Heterogeneity Differentiation in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
Family history of T2D should be considered as an important indicator for precise subclassification of T1D patients based on clinical heterogeneity.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with T1D; subgroups stratified by islet autoantibodies, onset age and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype
- Participants
- 1,410 patients
- Exposure
- T1D patients with vs without family history of T2D in first-degree relatives
- T2D family historyn = 141
- Outcome
- Prevalence of family history of T2D and associated clinical phenotype
Methodological detailscluster analysis
- Cluster analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Patients with at least 1 FDR diagnosed with T2D
- 10% (141/1410)
- Milder phenotype with T2D family history: older onset age
- P < .001
- Higher BMI
- P < .001
- Higher fasting and postprandial C-peptide levels
- all P < .01
- Lower positive rates of all islet autoantibodies, and susceptible HLA genotypes
- all P < .05
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Subgroups stratified by autoimmunity, age of onset and HLA genotypes
- Clinical heterogeneity associated with T2D family history was consistent across subgroups
Cluster analysis
- T1D patients divided into 5 clusters; T2D family history cluster displayed a milder phenotype than others
Original publication
Type 2 Diabetes Family History as a Significant Index on the Clinical Heterogeneity Differentiation in Type 1 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 15 June 2023. doi:10.
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