Transition of BMI Status From Childhood to Adulthood and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome in Midlife: A 36-Year Cohort Study
Authors' conclusion
Transitioning from normal childhood BMI to overweight in adulthood is associated with increased risks of higher CKM stages in midlife. However, individuals whose high childhood BMI resolved by adulthood exhibit similar risk to those with persistently normal BMI.
Study context
- Population
- Participants aged 6–18 years in the Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension Study, followed into midlife (mean age 48.12 years)
- Participants
- 1,997 participants
- Exposure
- BMI transitions from childhood to midlife: incident, persistent, resolution vs control
- Outcome
- CKM syndrome stage: intermediate (stage 2) and advanced (stages 3-4) vs early (stages 0-1)
- Follow-up
- 36 years
Methodological details36-year follow-up, multivariable regression
- 36-year follow-up
- Multivariable regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
CKM stage · midlife
Incident vs ControlOdds ratio (95% CI)
Intermediate CKM stage
5.19(3.15–8.53)
Advanced CKM stage
6.70(3.96–11.33)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) components
- Incident vs control: higher risks of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, subclinical kidney damage, albuminuria and metabolic abnormalities
- Risks reduced if high childhood BMI normalized by adulthood
Original publication
Transition of BMI Status From Childhood to Adulthood and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome in Midlife: A 36-Year Cohort Study. Diabetes Care. Published 17 July 2025. doi:10.
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