Sleep Efficiency Predicts Next‐Day Glycaemia and Daytime Glycaemia Influences Sleep in Free‐Living Adults at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
This study provides evidence that sleep and glucose dynamics are temporally associated in free-living adults at risk of type 2 diabetes. These findings underscore the potential of combining sleep and glucose metrics to inform cardiometabolic risk prevention strategies.
Study context
- Population
- Adults aged 25–65 years (50% women) with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25.0-< 40.0 kg/m²), at risk of T2D, free-living; sleep and glucose assessed over 14 days by wrist-worn accelerometers and CGM3,942 valid person-days
- Participants
- 388 adults
- Outcome
- Day-level associations between sleep metrics and diurnal glucose metrics
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Per 1% increase in sleep efficiency: next-day mean glucose, B (95% CI −0.08, −0.01) mg/dL; p = 0.007
- −0.05
- Per 1 h delay in wake-up time: next-day glucose variability (95% CI −0.38, −0.10) mg/dL; p = 0.001
- −0.24
- Per 1 mg/dL increase in daytime mean glucose: sleep period time the subsequent night (95% CI 0.000, 0.012) h; p = 0.039
- 0.006
- Per 1 mg/dL increase in daytime mean glucose: sleep efficiency the subsequent night (95% CI −0.08%, −0.01%); p = 0.005
- −0.05%
- Per 1 mg/dL increase in glucose variability: wake-up time (95% CI −0.03, −0.01) h; p < 0.001
- −0.02
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Sleep Efficiency Predicts Next‐Day Glycaemia and Daytime Glycaemia Influences Sleep in Free‐Living Adults at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 19 March 2026. doi:10.
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