Serum Medium-Chain Fatty Acids and the Risk of Incident Diabetes: Findings From the 4C Study
Authors' conclusion
These findings provide evidence supporting inverse associations between serum MCFAs and T2DM risk, and reveal potential interplay between genetic susceptibility and circulating octanoic acid in modulating diabetes risk.
Study context
- Population
- Participants of the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study; baseline serum medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) measuredbaseline serum MCFAs 5
- Participants
- 1,707 vs 1,707
- Comparison
- Serum MCFAs and risk of incident T2D
- Casesn = 1,707
- Controlsn = 1,707reference
- Outcome
- Incident T2D
Methodological detailsmatched, prospective cohort (China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study), conditional logistic regression, fully adjusted
- Matched
- Prospective cohort (China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study)
- Conditional logistic regression, fully adjusted
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Incident T2D by serum MCFA
Odds ratio (95% CI)
Octanoic acid
0.90(0.82–0.98)
Nonanoic acid
0.84(0.74–0.95)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Interaction with physical inactivity
- Inverse MCFA–diabetes associations more pronounced with physical inactivity; octanoic acid
- P for interaction = 0.042
- Nonanoic acid
- P for interaction = 0.034
- Decanoic acid
- P for interaction = 0.037
Interaction of octanoic acid with genetic risk scores (GRS) (86 T2D variants)
- Inverse association of octanoic acid with diabetes risk enhanced with high vs low genetic risk
- P for interaction = 0.003
Original publication
Serum Medium-Chain Fatty Acids and the Risk of Incident Diabetes: Findings From the 4C Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 20 July 2024. doi:10.
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