Serum Short‐Chain Fatty Acid Profiles as Metabolic Signatures of Diabetic Cognitive Impairment: Multinomial Modelling and Internally Validated Multiclass Discrimination
Authors' conclusion
SCFAs, particularly acetate, may serve as adjunct biomarkers within multivariable risk profiles to support earlier identification of DCI.
Study context
- Population
- Older adults: healthy controls, T2D, and diabetic cognitive impairment
- Participants
- 180 adults
- Comparison
- Serum short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) across healthy controls (HC), T2D and diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI), focus on DCI vs T2D
- HCn = 60
- T2DMn = 60reference
- DCIn = 60
- Outcome
- Independent associations of serum SCFAs with group (adjusted multinomial models)
Methodological detailsmultinomial models, bootstrap internal validation (2000 resamples)
- Multinomial models
- Bootstrap internal validation (2000 resamples)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Each group vs T2DMOdds ratio (95% CI)P value
HC
1.153(1.004–1.324)
P = 0.044DCI
0.797(0.650–0.977)
P = 0.029Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Multiclass discrimination (optimism-corrected AUC)
- SCFA-only models, Hand-Till AUCc
- 0.585-0.629
- After covariate adjustment, AUCc
- 0.733-0.740
- DCI vs T2DM most challenging contrast; acetate highest AUCc in Model 0 and Model 1
Original publication
Serum Short‐Chain Fatty Acid Profiles as Metabolic Signatures of Diabetic Cognitive Impairment: Multinomial Modelling and Internally Validated Multiclass Discrimination. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 12 March 2026. doi:10.
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