Plasma Calprotectin and New-onset Type 2 Diabetes in the General Population: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors' conclusion
Elevated plasma levels of calprotectin are associated with a higher risk of developing T2D in the general population and may represent a moveable inflammatory biomarker. This association, however, does not represent a direct effect, and seems dependent on hyperlipidemia and systemic inflammation.
Study context
- Population
- Initially nondiabetic participants of the PREVEND study, general population
- Participants
- 4,815 participants
- Exposure
- Plasma calprotectin and risk of new-onset T2D
- Outcome
- New-onset T2D: FPG ≥7.0 mmol/L, random plasma glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L, self-reported physician diagnosis of T2D, use of glucose-lowering drugs, or any combination
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
New-onset T2D per doubling of plasma calprotectin
HR per doubling (crude)
1.42
95% CI 1.22–1.66P < .001
HR adjusted for age and sex
1.34
95% CI 1.14–1.57P < .001
HR after further adjustment for potential confounders
1.11
95% CI 0.90–1.37P = .326
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Plasma calprotectin level at baseline
- Median plasma calprotectin (mg/L)
- 0.49 (0.35-0.69)
Effect modification in stratified analyses
- Effect modification by hypertension, history of cardiovascular disease (CVD), Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)
- P for interaction ≤ 0.001 for each
- Effect modification by use of lipid-lowering drugs
- P for interaction ≤ 0.05
- Higher HRs without hypertension, without history of CVD, with below-median HOMA-IR, and not using lipid-lowering drugs
Original publication
Plasma Calprotectin and New-onset Type 2 Diabetes in the General Population: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 4 March 2024. doi:10.
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