Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Planetary Health Diet and Risk of Cardiometabolic Diseases Among Women With Gestational Diabetes
Main finding · MIResult — go to the resultHazard ratio 0.37 95% CI 0.16–0.86Authors' conclusion
In this cohort study of women with a history of GD, higher PHDI was associated with lower risk of myocardial infarction and better weight management. These findings also emphasize the importance of postpartum weight management to reduce the risk of progression from GD to T2D and CVD.
Study context
- Population
- Women with a history of gestational diabetes (GD) in the Nurses' Health Study II, followed up June 1991 to June 2021; mean (SD) age 38.9 (6.1) years
- Participants
- 4,633 women120,465 person-years
- Exposure
- Highest vs lowest tertile of Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI)
- Outcome
- Risk of T2D and CVD (and 4-year weight change)
Methodological detailsNurses' Health Study II subset, Data analyzed from February 1, 2024, to April 9, 2025
- Nurses' Health Study II subset
- Data analyzed from February 1, 2024, to April 9, 2025
Main finding
MI
Hazard ratio
0.37
95% CI 0.16–0.86
P = 0.01 for trend
Highest tertilevs Lowest tertile
HR 0.37 (95% CI 0.16–0.86); P for trend = 0.01
As reported in the abstract
- Incident MI cases
- 38
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
- 4-year weight change · 4 years — Mean weight gain in group with largest 4-year PHDI decrease · decreasing PHDI associated with greater weight gain
- 2.3 (95% CI, 2.0-2.6) kg · P for trend < 0.001
Overall cardiovascular disease (CVD) and T2D
- Incident CVD cases (38 MI, 52 stroke)
- 90
- Incident T2D cases
- 1053
- Proportion of T2D association mediated by body mass index (BMI)
- 79.6% (95% CI, 16.5%-98.7%; P < .001)
- Proportion of CVD association mediated by BMI
- 15.1% (95% CI, 2.8%-52.5%; P = .02)
- Higher PHDI associated with lower risk of overall CVD and T2D
- Mediation analysis
Original publication
Planetary Health Diet and Risk of Cardiometabolic Diseases Among Women With Gestational Diabetes. JAMA Netw Open. Published 3 November 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →