Neutrophil cathepsin G and risk of cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes mellitus
Main finding · Cardiovascular events (composite)Result — go to the resultAdjusted hazard ratio 6.081 95% CI 3.887–9.514Authors' conclusion
Circulating CatG is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events in T2DM, suggesting a novel biomarker linking inflammation to athero-thrombosis.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with T2D from the PLINIO and ATHERO-AF prospective cohorts
- Participants
- 485 patients2 prospective cohorts
- Exposure
- Top cathepsin G (CatG) quintile vs other quintiles
- Outcome
- Composite of:
- Cardiovascular death
- Non-fatal coronary and cerebrovascular events
- Peripheral artery events
- Follow-up
- 2,437.6 person-years of follow-up
Methodological detailstwo prospective cohorts (PLINIO and ATHERO-AF), multivariate Cox regression
- Two prospective cohorts (PLINIO and ATHERO-AF)
- Multivariate Cox regression
Main finding
Cardiovascular events (composite)
Adjusted hazard ratio
6.081
95% CI 3.887–9.514
P < 0.001
By group
V CatG quintile
10.4% per year
V CatG quintilevs Other quintiles
aHR 6.081 (95% CI 3.887–9.514); P < 0.001
As reported in the abstract
- Cardiovascular events (CVEs) occurred
- 86
- CatG in patients developing CVEs vs CVE-free (median [IQR])
- 2.9 [1.9-4.4] ng/mL vs. 2.1 [1.6-2.6] ng/mL; p < 0.001
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Secondary outcomes
CVEs, CatG adjusted for neutrophil count (subgroup with neutrophil count)
| aHR (95% CI) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Higher CatGAdjusted for neutrophil count | 4.051 (2.098–7.820) | P < 0.001 | |
| 0.10.31310Adjusted hazard ratio (log scale) |
CVEs by neutrophil count
| aHR (95% CI) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Neutrophil count | 1.177 (1.009–1.372) | P = 0.038 | |
| 0.512Adjusted hazard ratio (log scale) |
- CVEs, CatG adjusted for neutrophil count (subgroup with neutrophil count): subgroup of 312 patients with neutrophil count data
Components: cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal coronary events, all-cause mortality
- V CatG quintile associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular mortality or non-fatal coronary events or all-cause mortality
Correlation of CatG with sP-selectin
- Beta
- 0.443; p < 0.001
- Propensity score matching analysis
Original publication
Neutrophil cathepsin G and risk of cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol. Published 26 November 2025. doi:10.
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