Sensory network dysregulation in type 2 diabetes: Linking olfactory, visual, and cognitive function
Authors' conclusion
Our findings highlight the central role of olfactory dysfunction in linking multisensory impairment to cognitive decline in T2D. The results emphasize the need for personalized management strategies based on sensory complications and suggest that preserving sensory network integrity may help maintain olfactory and cognitive health in T2D.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with T2D and controls
- Participants
- 152 vs 50
- Exposure
- T2D vs controls
- T2Dn = 152
- Controlsn = 50reference
- Outcome
- Multisensory Dysfunction Index (MSDI), olfaction and cognition (MoCA)
Methodological detailsresting-state fMRI, moderated mediation analysis
- Resting-state fMRI
- Moderated mediation analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Multisensory Dysfunction Index (MSDI) correlated with sensory complication burden and associated with worse global cognitive performance (MoCA)
- Odour identification mediated the relationship between MSDI and MoCA in T2D
- Indirect effect absent in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN)+ individuals but significant in DPN- individuals
- Olfactory dysfunction had both direct and indirect effects on cognition in DPN- patients
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Sensory network dysregulation in type 2 diabetes: Linking olfactory, visual, and cognitive function. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 25 November 2025. doi:10.
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