Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Metabolic trajectory from gestational to type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors' conclusion
The findings underscore that GDM serves as a critical window for future health.
Study context
- Population
- Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); 15 contemporary cohort studies (2020–2026)15 cohort studies
- Outcome
- Pooled incidence of progression from GDM to T2D
Methodological details1,809 records screened
- 1,809 records screened
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Pooled T2D incidence after GDM
Pooled T2D incidence
9.0%
ES 0.09; 95% CI 0.04–0.13
Incidence adjusted for publication bias
6.9%
Heterogeneity across all strata (I2)
0%
Further pooled results
Clinical determinants of T2D risk
- Abnormal gestational OGTT results (ES)
- 4.28
- Maternal BMI > 25 kg/m² (ES)
- 2.58
- Insulin requirement during pregnancy (ES)
- 2.21
- Positive family history (ES)
- 2.00
Original publication
Metabolic trajectory from gestational to type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 30 May 2026. doi:10.
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