Impact of continuous moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on glycemic control according to different phases of the menstrual cycle in females with type 1 diabetes
Authors' conclusion
CONT has an immediate glucose-lowering effect regardless of menstrual cycle phase. However, while in the follicular phase TIR remains stable, in the luteal phase, it declines, with a corresponding increase in hyperglycemia, supporting the idea that exercise-induced glucose regulation varies across menstrual phases, highlighting the potential need for insulin dose adjustments depending on the cycle's phase.
Study context
- Population
- Women with T1D
- Participants
- 25 women
- Comparison
- CONT in follicular phase vs luteal phase
- Outcome
- Glycemic control: plasma glucose during exercise and CGM at 24 h post-exercise
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Blood glucose during exercise
- Blood glucose declined after exercise regardless of menstrual phase, from ≈155 mg/dL to about 110 mg/dL
Further findings
Hypoglycemia incidence · 24 h post-exercise
- Incidence of hypoglycemia was low
- less than 2 %
Hyperglycemia, luteal phase vs previous 24 h · 24 h post-exercise
- Exercise in luteal phase tended to increase hyperglycemia vs previous 24 h
- from 38.2 % to 44.2 %
- Hyperglycemia also tended to be higher vs follicular phase, with higher mean blood glucose
Original publication
Impact of continuous moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on glycemic control according to different phases of the menstrual cycle in females with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 18 April 2025. doi:10.
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