Effect of Gestational Diabetes on Fetal Growth Rate and Later Overweight in the Offspring
Authors' conclusion
Pregnancies affected by GDM had higher fetal growth rate and the offspring had a higher risk of being overweight at age 5 to 9 years. Fetal growth rate in early third trimester was a mediator of up to 15% of this association, but prepregnancy body mass index contributed strongly as well.
Study context
- Population
- Mother-child pairs, children born 2008–2014 in Aarhus, Denmark; offspring overweight assessed at 5 to 9 years
- Participants
- 6,794 mother-child pairs
- Exposure
- GDM vs no GDM
- GDMn = 295
- Outcome
- Overweight in the offspring, with fetal growth rate as mediator
- Follow-up
- Age 5 to 9 years
Methodological detailsroutinely collected data, cubic mixed model regression, mediation analysis
- Routinely collected data
- Cubic mixed model regression
- Mediation analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Offspring overweight · 5- to 9-year-old offspring
GDM vs No GDMOdds ratio (95% CI)
Offspring overweight
2.02(1.44–2.84)
Adjusted for fetal growth rate in week 28 and prepregnancy BMI
1.10(0.76–1.60)
- Effect attenuated when adjusting for fetal growth rate in week 28
- 15%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
- Fetal growth was higher in women with GDM from week 25
Original publication
Effect of Gestational Diabetes on Fetal Growth Rate and Later Overweight in the Offspring. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 25 June 2024. doi:10.
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