Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Diabetes Type and Perinatal Adverse Outcomes Among Women in Pregnancy and Neonates in Japan: A Cohort Study Using a Large‐Scale Database
Authors' conclusion
Maternal and neonatal risks varied by hyperglycaemic status. Overt diabetes was associated with a higher risk of severe neonatal complications than preexisting diabetes, with no statistically significant difference detected in maternal pre-eclampsia/eclampsia. Further validation using longitudinal data around pregnancy is warranted.
Study context
- Population
- Mother-neonate pairs in the JMDC claims database, Japan, 2015 to 2024neonates from 205,594 mothers
- Participants
- 244,402 pairs
- Exposure
- Gestational diabetes, preexisting diabetes and overt diabetes compared with normoglycaemia; overt diabetes compared directly with preexisting diabetes
- Gestational diabetesn = 20,116 (8.2%)
- Preexisting diabetesn = 3,287 (1.3%)reference
- Overt diabetesn = 901 (0.4%)
- Outcome
- Maternal pre-eclampsia/eclampsia
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)
Gestational diabetesvs Normoglycaemia
1.34(1.21–1.48)
Preexisting diabetesvs Normoglycaemia
1.96(1.64–2.33)
Overt diabetesvs Normoglycaemia
1.89(1.35–2.64)
Overt diabetesvs Preexisting diabetesno statistically significant difference detected
0.96(0.67–1.40)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | aOR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Severe neonatal complications (neonatal death, foetal distress or neonatal intensive care unit admission)Gestational diabetesvs Normoglycaemia | 1.45 (1.38–1.52) | |
| Severe neonatal complications (neonatal death, foetal distress or neonatal intensive care unit admission)Preexisting diabetesvs Normoglycaemia | 1.95 (1.77–2.15) | |
| Severe neonatal complications (neonatal death, foetal distress or neonatal intensive care unit admission)Overt diabetesvs Normoglycaemia | 2.55 (2.14–3.03) | |
| Severe neonatal complications (neonatal death, foetal distress or neonatal intensive care unit admission)Overt diabetesvs Preexisting diabetes | 1.31 (1.07–1.59) | |
| 0.20.5125Adjusted odds ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Diabetes Type and Perinatal Adverse Outcomes Among Women in Pregnancy and Neonates in Japan: A Cohort Study Using a Large‐Scale Database. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 9 November 2026. doi:10.
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