Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Maternal Pregestational and Gestational Diabetes and Neuropsychiatric Risk in Offspring: A Binational Cohort Study
Authors' conclusion
Pregestational diabetes was associated with increased neuropsychiatric risk in offspring, whereas gestational diabetes showed no meaningful association in sibling analyses, and adequate management before and during pregnancy remains important.
Study context
- Population
- Mother-child pairs from South Korea and Japan, 2010 to 2017, followed until December 31, 2023plus 181,134 Japanese pairs
- Participants
- 2,722,687 pairs
- Exposure
- Maternal pregestational or gestational diabetes vs no maternal diabetes
- Pregestational diabetesn = 20,815
- Gestational diabetesn = 756,193
- Outcome
- Offspring neuropsychiatric disorders: severe neuropsychiatric disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability
- Follow-up
- Mean 10.3 years
Methodological detailsstabilized inverse probability of treatment weighted cohort, sibling-comparison cohort, validated in an independent Japanese cohort
- Stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighted cohort
- Sibling-comparison cohort
- Validated in an independent Japanese cohort
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Each group vs no maternal diabetesAdjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)
Pregestational diabetesany neuropsychiatric disorder
1.29(1.22–1.36)
Pregestational diabetessevere neuropsychiatric disorder
1.33(1.16–1.53)
Pregestational diabetesADHD
1.24(1.16–1.31)
Pregestational diabetesASD
1.39(1.25–1.55)
Pregestational diabetesintellectual disability
1.57(1.40–1.77)
Gestational diabetesmodest association
1.05(1.00–1.08)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | aHR (CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Gestational diabetes, sibling analysesGestational diabetesvs No maternal diabetesKorea; nonsignificant | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) | |
| Gestational diabetes, sibling analysesGestational diabetesvs No maternal diabetesJapan; nonsignificant | 0.90 (0.76–1.06) | |
| 0.512Adjusted hazard ratio (log scale) |
Maternal and perinatal subgroups, pregestational diabetes
- Associations remained consistent across maternal and perinatal subgroups
Original publication
Maternal Pregestational and Gestational Diabetes and Neuropsychiatric Risk in Offspring: A Binational Cohort Study. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 23 March 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →