Comparison of the prognostic value of different arterial sites atherosclerosis risk markers for development of Macro- and microvascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes: The Rio de Janeiro type 2 diabetes cohort study
Authors' conclusion
In individuals with diabetes, ABI was the best risk marker for cardiovascular/ mortality outcomes, whereas carotid atherosclerosis was the best for retinopathy and microalbuminuria development.
Study context
- Population
- Individuals with T2D, Rio de Janeiro type 2 diabetes cohort
- Participants
- 479 individuals
- Exposure
- Aortic stiffness vs ankle-brachial index (ABI) vs carotid atherosclerosis as prognostic markers
- Outcome
- Cardiovascular/mortality and microvascular (renal, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy) outcomes
- Follow-up
- 12 years
Methodological detailsCox regressions; risk stratification by C-statistics and IDI/NRI
- Cox regressions; risk stratification by C-statistics and IDI/NRI
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Cardiovascular/mortality outcomes
ABI was the best risk predictor; Hazard ratios (HRs)
between 1.18 and 1.40
ABI relative IDIs
between 10% and 15%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Microvascular outcomes
- Carotid atherosclerosis markers predicted microalbuminuria development and retinopathy development/progression; HRs
- between 1.29 and 1.37
- IDIs (for microalbuminuria)
- 15%-26%
Events during follow-up
- Total cardiovascular events
- 145
- Major cardiovascular events
- 111
- All-cause deaths
- 187
- New microalbuminuria
- 95
- Advanced renal failure
- 85
- Retinopathy development/progression
- 135
- Peripheral neuropathy development/progression
- 145
Original publication
Comparison of the prognostic value of different arterial sites atherosclerosis risk markers for development of Macro- and microvascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes: The Rio de Janeiro type 2 diabetes cohort study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 9 June 2025. doi:10.
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