Carbohydrate Intake Variability, Weight Change and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors' conclusion
Greater variability in carbohydrate-related intake was associated with modestly greater long-term weight gain and a modestly higher risk of incident T2D.
Study context
- Population
- UK Biobank participants with ≥3 24-h dietary assessments; mean age 56 years
- Participants
- 53,691 participants
- Exposure
- Per 1-SD increment in coefficient of variation (CV) of carbohydrate, fibre and sugar intake
- Outcome
- Body weight change and incident T2D
Methodological detailsUK Biobank, 24-h dietary data, ≥3 assessments, multivariable linear regression, Cox proportional hazards models, mediation analysis
- UK Biobank
- 24-h dietary data, ≥3 assessments
- Multivariable linear regression
- Cox proportional hazards models
- Mediation analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Greater weight gain per 1-SD increment in CV of total carbohydrate, dietary fibre and sugar intake (median 6.6-year follow-up; all p < 0.001)
0.20-0.24 kg
Incident T2D per 1-SD increase in fibre intake variability, HR
1.05
95% CI 1.00–1.10; median follow-up 10.3 years
Incident T2D per 1-SD increase in sugar intake variability, HR
1.09
95% CI 1.04–1.14; median follow-up 10.3 years
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Mediation by weight gain of associations with incident T2D
- Proportion mediated, fibre intake variability
- 7%
- Proportion mediated, sugar intake variability
- 5%
Original publication
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →