Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Can Maternal Hypoglycemia During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Predict Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes?
Authors' conclusion
Hypoglycemia during a 2-hour 75-g OGTT correlates with neonatal birth weight and incidences of LGA, macrosomia, and SGA. Pregnant women with OGTT-detected hypoglycemia require close monitoring to mitigate adverse perinatal outcomes.
Study context
- Population
- Pregnant women who underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation
- Participants
- 23,576 women
- Exposure
- Hypoglycaemia vs normoglycaemia during 75-g OGTT
- Outcome
- Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Adverse pregnancy outcomes
- Neonates of hypoglycemic women had lower birth weights and reduced rates of large for gestational age (LGA) and macrosomia
- all P < .001
- Higher rates of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA) with hypoglycemia
- both P < .01
- Logistic regression: hypoglycemia protective against LGA and macrosomia
- both P < .001
- Logistic regression: hypoglycemia detrimental to LBW and SGA
- both P < .01
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Hypoglycemia incidence
- Hypoglycemia incidence
- 7.07%
Maternal characteristics
- Hypoglycemic women were younger
- P < 0.001
- Hypoglycemic women had lower BMI
- P < 0.001
Dose-response by hypoglycemia severity
- Strong positive trend for SGA and negative trend for LGA
- both P for trend < 0.01
Original publication
Can Maternal Hypoglycemia During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Predict Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes? Endocr Pract. Published 6 August 2025. doi:10.
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