Associations of carbohydrate quality and cardiovascular risk factors vary among diabetes subtypes
Authors' conclusion
Associations of carbohydrate quality parameters with blood lipids, subclinical inflammation, and fatty liver index differed between diabetes subtypes. However, evidence is too preliminary to derive subtype-specific recommendations.
Study context
- Population
- German Diabetes Study participants with recent-onset diabetes and 5 years thereafterrecent-onset · 5 years thereafter 209
- Participants
- 487 participants
- Exposure
- Carbohydrate quality parameters and cardiovascular risk factors across diabetes subtypes
- Outcome
- Associations of dietary glycemic index (GI), GL, higher- and low-GI carbohydrate, fiber and total sugar intake with cardiovascular risk factors (blood lipids, subclinical inflammation, blood pressure, fatty liver index)
Methodological detailsmultivariable linear regression, validated food frequency questionnaire, analysed for subtypes with prevalences ≥ 10%
- Multivariable linear regression
- Validated food frequency questionnaire
- Analysed for subtypes with prevalences ≥ 10%
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Associations of carbohydrate quality with cardiovascular risk factors by subtype (relative change per 1 SD increment, 95% CI)
- Severe autoimmune diabetes (SAID): higher total sugar intake – HDL-C
- - 3.4% (- 6.7; - 0.1)
- Mild age-related diabetes (MARD): dietary glycemic load (GL) – serum TG
- 10.9% (2.4; 20.1)
- MARD: higher-GI carbohydrate intake – serum TG
- 12.4% (3.9; 21.5)
- MARD: dietary GL – fatty liver index (absolute change)
- 0.18 (0.06; 0.31)
- MARD: higher-GI carbohydrate intake – fatty liver index (absolute change)
- 0.17 (0.05; 0.28)
- MARD: dietary GL – HDL-C
- - 4.1% (- 7.6; - 0.4)
- MARD: higher-GI carbohydrate intake – HDL-C
- - 4.4% (- 7.8; - 0.8)
- MARD: low-GI carbohydrate intake – high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
- - 16.0% (- 25.7; - 5.1)
- MARD: dietary fiber – high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
- - 13.9% (- 24.2; - 2.2)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Associations of carbohydrate quality and cardiovascular risk factors vary among diabetes subtypes. Cardiovasc Diabetol. Published 6 February 2025. doi:10.
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