Association of the metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease with cardiovascular and kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
Authors' conclusion
Liver fibrosis is independently associated with increased LVH/CKD risk and CKM stage in T2DM patients. These findings indicate that metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its progressive stage (liver fibrosis) should be introduced into the CKM staging structure to enhance risk stratification.
Study context
- Population
- T2D patients visiting the authors' clinic, 2022–2024; 63.79% male, mean age 53.08 (SD 12.65) years
- Participants
- 2,436 patients
- Exposure
- NAFLD Fibrosis Score (NFS)-defined advanced liver fibrosis vs no advanced fibrosis
- Outcome
- LVH and CKD risk by liver fibrosis (NFS)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Estimate (95 % CI)
Advanced fibrosis
OR (LVH) 1.45(1.16–1.81)
Advanced fibrosis
OR (CKD) 1.94(1.56–2.41)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and chronic kidney disease (CKD)
%
- LVH prevalence
- 38.88
- CKD prevalence
- 34.69
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome stage
- Worsening liver fibrosis associated with higher CKM syndrome stage
Original publication
Association of the metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease with cardiovascular and kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 28 September 2025. doi:10.
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