The association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) and all-cause/non-cardiovascular mortality in general patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is modified by age: results from the cohort study of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018
Authors' conclusion
In a national sample of patients with T2DM in the United States, we found that the association between TyG and all-cause/non-CV death was modified by age. Higher TyG was only associated with an increased risk of all-cause/non-CV only in T2DM patients younger than 65 years old, but not in older patients.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with T2DM from NHANES 1999–2018; mortality via linked mortality files through 31 December 2019
- Participants
- 3,376 patients
- Exposure
- TyG per unit increase, by age group
- Outcome
- All-cause and cause-specific (CV, cancer, non-CV) mortality
- Follow-up
- Median 107 months
Methodological detailsNHANES 1999–2018, age-stratified analysis, multivariate Cox and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression
- NHANES 1999–2018
- Age-stratified analysis
- Multivariate Cox and RCS regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
All-cause mortality, younger group: HR per unit TyG increase
1.33
95% CI 1.06–1.66p = 0.014
Non-CV mortality, younger group: HR per unit TyG increase
1.54
95% CI 1.18–2.01p = 0.002
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Deaths · median follow-up 107 months
- All-cause deaths
- 805
- Cardiovascular (CV) deaths
- 250
- Cancer deaths
- 144
CV and cancer death
- No significant association between TyG and CV/cancer death in total cohort and both age subgroups
RCS and sensitivity analyses (no CVD, CKD or insulin)
- Similar results
Original publication
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