The association between novel metabolic parameters and all-cause/cardiovascular mortality in patients with metabolic syndrome is modified by age
Authors' conclusion
Our results highlight the predictive value of TyG, TyG-WHtR, and METS-IR in the MetS population, providing new evidence for medical practice and public health.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with metabolic syndrome, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001–2018; younger (age < 65 years) and older (age ≥ 65 years)1,407 deaths
- Participants
- 8,271 adults
- Exposure
- Q4 vs Q1 of TyG, triglyceride glucose-waist to height ratio (TyG-WHtR) and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), by age
- Outcome
- All-cause and cardiovascular mortality
- Follow-up
- Median 8.3 years
Methodological detailsNHANES 2001–2018, weighted Cox proportional hazards model, restricted cubic spline, time-dependent ROC, sensitivity analysis
- NHANES 2001–2018
- Weighted Cox proportional hazards model
- Restricted cubic spline
- Time-dependent ROC
- Sensitivity analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
All-cause mortality, younger group (age < 65 years)
Each group vs Q1Hazard ratio (95% CI)
Q4 TyG
1.63(1.12–2.39)
Q4 TyG-WHtR
2.78(1.68–4.61)
Q4 METS-IR
1.36(1.12–2.02)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular mortality, younger group (age < 65 years)Q4 TyGvs Q1 | 2.04 (1.15–4.90) | |
| Cardiovascular mortality, younger group (age < 65 years)Q4 TyG-WHtRvs Q1 | 4.99 (1.76–14.11) | |
| Cardiovascular mortality, younger group (age < 65 years)Q4 METS-IRvs Q1 | 2.69 (1.89–8.15) | |
| 0.050.21520Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Cardiovascular mortality, younger group (age < 65 years)
- No increased risk in the older group
Non-linear associations (restricted cubic spline (RCS)), older group
- All-cause mortality, TyG / TyG-WHtR / METS-IR: no significant non-linear association
- P = 0.082; P = 0.712; P = 0.062
- Cardiovascular mortality, TyG / TyG-WHtR / METS-IR: no significant non-linear association
- P = 0.176; P = 0.793; P = 0.482
AUC of TyG-WHtR (highest) for 3-year mortality, younger group
- All-cause mortality AUC
- 0.653
- Cardiovascular mortality AUC
- 0.688
Original publication
The association between novel metabolic parameters and all-cause/cardiovascular mortality in patients with metabolic syndrome is modified by age. Cardiovasc Diabetol. Published 28 February 2025. doi:10.
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