Association Between Caffeine and Nicotine Use and Optimal Obesity Measures for Adolescents: A Refugee Adolescent Study
Authors' conclusion
Obesity is a significant health concern among Palestinian refugee adolescents, with various factors contributing to its prevalence. Central obesity, in particular, is associated with increased health risks, emphasising the importance of identifying its determinants, including caffeine and nicotine use among adolescents.
Study context
- Population
- Refugee adolescents aged 11–15 in four refugee camps in West Bank, 202251.3% boys
- Participants
- 454 adolescents
- Outcome
- Prevalence of central obesity and its associated risk factors
Methodological detailsSurveys and anthropometric measurements (waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, BMI)
- Surveys and anthropometric measurements (waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, BMI)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Prevalence of overweight, obesity and high waist circumference
Overweight prevalence
24%
Obesity prevalence
21.1%
High waist circumference
14.1%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Central obesity associations
- Cigarette smoking
- P = 0.03
- Waterpipe smoking
- P = 0.008
- Energy drink consumption
- P = 0.016
- Coffee consumption
- P = 0.027
Overweight status (adjusted multiple logistic regression)
- Energy drink consumption, AOR
- 3.035, p = 0.009
- Interaction energy drink and coffee consumption, AOR
- 3.924, p = 0.010
Obese status
- Waterpipe smoking, AOR
- 2.975, p = 0.021
Participant characteristics
- Median age
- 14.49 years
- Median BMI
- 21.7
Original publication
Association Between Caffeine and Nicotine Use and Optimal Obesity Measures for Adolescents: A Refugee Adolescent Study. Pediatr Obes. Published 17 July 2025. doi:10.
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