Validity and Discriminative Value of Activity Questionnaires in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
The PAQ has moderate-to-high criterion validity and showed moderate ability to discriminate between T1D youth meeting PA guidelines from those who do not. The single-item question had low-to-moderate construct validity, while the PDPAR did not correlate with objectively measured PA levels. The feasibility of incorporating the PAQ into clinical care for youth with T1D warrants further evaluation.
Study context
- Population
- Youth with T1D (42 boys, 38 girls; age 13.1 ± 2.6 years; HbA1c 58.5 ± 10.1 mmol/mol; T1D duration 5.4 ± 3.1 years)
- Participants
- 80 participants
- Comparison
- Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ) vs Previous Day Physical Activity Recall (PDPAR) vs Single-Item Physical Activity Scale (SIPAS), against accelerometry-derived MVPA
- Outcome
- Validity coefficients (Spearman's correlation) vs accelerometry-derived MVPA minutes; ability to discriminate those meeting physical activity (PA) guidelines of 60 min MVPA/day (ROC)
Methodological detailsvalidation against accelerometry
- Validation against accelerometry
Performance
As reported in the abstract
| Test or model | Validity coefficient r | P | AUC | Optimal cut-point | Sensitivity | Specificity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PAQ | 0.53 | p < 0.001 | 0.7 | composite score of 2.8 | 66.1% | 66.7% |
| PDPAR | 0.09 | p = 0.4 | 0.5 | 75 MVPA minutes | 59.3% | 47.6% |
| SIPAS | 4.5 days | 71.2% | 38.1% |
Validity coefficient r
PAQ0.53
PDPAR0.09
SIPAS— not stated in the abstract
P
PAQp < 0.001
PDPARp = 0.4
SIPAS— not stated in the abstract
AUC
PAQ0.7
PDPAR0.5
SIPAS— not stated in the abstract
Optimal cut-point
PAQcomposite score of 2.8
PDPAR75 MVPA minutes
SIPAS4.5 days
Sensitivity
PAQ66.1%
PDPAR59.3%
SIPAS71.2%
Specificity
PAQ66.7%
PDPAR47.6%
SIPAS38.1%
- Single-item tool validity coefficient r (p < 0.001)
- 0.39
- Single-item tool AUC
- 0.7
Further findings
Accelerometry MVPA · 7 days
- Mean daily MVPA minutes
- 46.6 ± 25.5 min
- Achieved average ≥60 MVPA min/day
- 21/80 (26%)
Original publication
Validity and Discriminative Value of Activity Questionnaires in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes. Horm Res Paediatr. Published 30 October 2025. doi:10.
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