Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Types of diabetes during pregnancy and risk of depression and anxiety in offspring from childhood to young adulthood
Authors' conclusion
These data suggest that the severity of diabetes (T1D vs. T2D requiring medications vs. GDM requiring medications) during pregnancy may increase the vulnerability of offspring for depression or anxiety.
Study context
- Population
- Singletons born 1995–2015, followed through 2020 via electronic medical records
- Participants
- 439,590 offspring
- Exposure
- In-utero exposure to maternal T1D, T2D or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) vs no diabetes during pregnancy
- Outcome
- Depression or anxiety diagnosis in offspring
- Follow-up
- Childhood to young adulthood
Methodological detailselectronic medical records, Cox regression
- Electronic medical records
- Cox regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Depression in offspring
Each group vs no diabetesEstimate (95% CI)
T1D
aHR 1.44(1.09–1.91)
T2D requiring medications
aHR 1.30(1.15–1.47)
GDM requiring medications
aHR 1.18(1.11–1.26)
T2D without medications
HR 0.97(0.82–1.15)
GDM without medications
HR 0.99(0.94–1.04)
- Depression in the cohort
- 29 891 (6.8%)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Anxiety in offspring
- Anxiety in the cohort
- 51 918 (11.8%)
- Associations with anxiety followed similar patterns
Associations by offspring age
- Significant associations at ages 5-12 and >12-18 years; attenuated for 18-25 years
Original publication
Types of diabetes during pregnancy and risk of depression and anxiety in offspring from childhood to young adulthood. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 12 October 2023. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →