Two‐Year Weight Loss With a Breath Biofeedback mHealth Program: A Real‐World Evidence Study
Authors' conclusion
An automated mHealth program incorporating breath biofeedback was associated with approximately 10% 2-year weight loss.
Study context
- Population
- Commercial users with overweight or obesity using the Key to Health (Keyto, Inc.) program, enrolled between November 2018 and April 2023, who used the breath acetone biofeedback device at least onceusers analyzed (48% female, age 47.3 ± 11.5 years, BMI 32.1 ± 5.9 kg/m², means ± SD)
- Participants
- 11,365 users
- Outcome
- Percent total body weight loss
- Follow-up
- 104 weeks
Methodological detailsreal-world evidence
- Real-world evidence
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Total body weight loss at 104 weeks
9.6%
8.8%–10.4%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Secondary outcomes
Weight loss by early biofeedback engagement
P < 0.0001
- Weight loss by early biofeedback engagement: Higher early biofeedback engagement associated with greater weight loss
Total body weight loss (secondary endpoints) · 12, 24 and 52 weeks
- 12 weeks
- 4.1% (95% CI: 3.3%-4.9%)
- 24 weeks
- 6.1% (5.3%-6.9%)
- 52 weeks
- 9.3% (8.5%-10.1%)
Categorical weight loss among completers · 104 weeks
- Completers achieving ≥ 5% weight loss
- 77%
- Completers achieving ≥ 10% weight loss
- 45%
Original publication
Two‐Year Weight Loss With a Breath Biofeedback mHealth Program: A Real‐World Evidence Study. Obesity (Silver Spring). Published 14 November 2026. doi:10.
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