The Role of Insulin Sensitivity in Lean Mass Changes During Weight Loss With or Without Exercise
Authors' conclusion
Higher baseline SI is associated with greater retention of LM when weight loss is induced with diet alone, but not when exercise (aerobic or resistance) is included. This reinforces the importance of including exercise in all weight loss interventions.
Study context
- Population
- Premenopausal women with overweight aged 21–41
- Comparison
- Diet-only vs diet plus aerobic exercise vs diet plus resistance exercise; baseline insulin sensitivity (SI) as predictor of lean mass (LM) change
- Primary endpoint
- Association of baseline SI (intravenous glucose tolerance test) with changes in total lean mass (LM) and appendicular LM (ALM) by dual-absorptiometry X-ray
Methodological detailsthree-group
- Three-group
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Group-SI interaction, total LM: β (adjusted r 2 = 0.371)
0.474
p = 0.003
Group-SI interaction, appendicular LM (ALM): β (adjusted r 2 = 0.231)
0 0.462
p = 0.009
Original publication
The Role of Insulin Sensitivity in Lean Mass Changes During Weight Loss With or Without Exercise. Obesity (Silver Spring). Published 2 September 2025. doi:10.
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