Taxonomic and functional shifts in the microbiome of severely obese, prediabetic patients: Ketogenic diet versus energy‐matched standard diet
Authors' conclusion
These findings underscore that KD, independent of caloric intake, acutely remodels the gut microbiome's taxonomic and functional landscape, highlighting the microbiome as a potential mediator of KD's metabolic effects.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with BMI >35 kg/m² and prediabetes
- Comparison
- 2-week ketogenic diet (ketogenic diets (KD)) vs isocaloric standard diet (SD), both with 30% energy deficit
- Primary endpoint
- Gut microbiome composition and function (whole-genome metagenomic sequencing of faecal samples)
- Follow-up
- Before and after 2-week intervention
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Gut microbiome composition and function · after 2 weeks
- KD resulted in a significant reduction of alpha diversity, largely driven by selective loss of Lachnospiraceae, with concomitant increase in Bacteroidaceae
- KD, but not SD, altered genes coding for enzymes involved in energy metabolism, amino acid synthesis, nucleic acid activity, RNA modification and vitamin biosynthesis
Further findings
Baseline microbiome, prediabetic patients vs healthy controls
- Prediabetic patients exhibited greater interindividual variability and lower alpha diversity than healthy controls
Serum acetate · after intervention
- Serum acetate levels increased significantly following KD
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
Taxonomic and functional shifts in the microbiome of severely obese, prediabetic patients: Ketogenic diet versus energy‐matched standard diet. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 15 December 2025. doi:10.
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