Sarcopenia and Mortality, Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors' conclusion
Sarcopenia is associated with higher risks of all-cause mortality and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with T2DM, whereas evidence for renal outcomes remains inconclusive.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T2D; cohort studies from Embase, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library, inception to September 10, 2025
- Participants
- 580,277 adults21 cohort studies
- Comparison
- Sarcopenia or low handgrip strength vs none
- Outcome
- Sarcopenia and all-cause mortality, CV events and renal outcomes in T2D
Methodological detailsrandom-effects models, restricted maximum likelihood estimation, Hartung-Knapp adjustment, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment
- Random-effects models
- Restricted maximum likelihood estimation
- Hartung-Knapp adjustment
- Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Sarcopenia vs No sarcopeniaHazard ratio (95% CI)
All-cause mortality; I2 = 44.1%
1.70(1.21–2.40)
CV events; I2 = 82.5%
1.47(1.12–1.92)
Further pooled results
Renal outcomes in subgroup and sensitivity analyses
- Associations stronger and more consistent in selected subgroup and sensitivity analyses
Reduced handgrip strength: all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events
- Similar upward trends, not statistically significant
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
Sarcopenia and Mortality, Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Endocr Pract. Published 1 April 2026. doi:10.
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