Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus after respiratory syncytial viral infection: A retrospective cohort study using US database
Main finding · T2D incidenceResult — go to the resultHazard ratio 2.684 95% CI 2.378–3.030Authors' conclusion
Our findings suggest an association between RSV infection and subsequent T2DM. Prospective studies and mechanistic investigations are warranted to validate these observations and elucidate the underlying pathways.
Study context
- Population
- Patients without history of T2D diagnosis, antidiabetic medication use or HbA1c ≥ 6.5, TriNetX US Collaborative Database, January 1, 2022–March 31, 2024
- Participants
- 3,052,016 patients
- Exposure
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection vs no RSV
- RSVn = 15,205
- Controlsn = 3,036,811reference
- Outcome
- Risk of T2D (Cox proportional hazards regression)
Methodological detailspropensity score matching, TriNetX US Collaborative Database
- Propensity score matching
- TriNetX US Collaborative Database
Main finding
T2D incidence
Hazard ratio
2.684
95% CI 2.378–3.030
By group
RSVvs Controls
HR 2.684 (95% CI 2.378–3.030)
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| T2D risk at 3 months after infection | 2.697 (2.332–3.119) | |
| T2D risk at 6 months after infection | 2.271 (1.911–2.699) | |
| 0.20.5125Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Sensitivity analyses (2010-2015, 2016-2019, different databases)
- All sensitivity analyses consistently showed a positive trend
Original publication
Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus after respiratory syncytial viral infection: A retrospective cohort study using US database. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 29 January 2026. doi:10.
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