Quantifying the Effect of Fat and Protein on the Postprandial Glucose Excursion in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes Using an Automated Insulin Delivery System
Authors' conclusion
In this work, the effect of MC on postprandial glucose excursion was quantified in real-life conditions with the help of a model-based methodology. These results are usable for redesigning current insulin therapies, accounting for the presence of fat and protein in meals.
Study context
- Population
- Individuals with T1D using continuous glucose monitor (CGM) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) under free-living conditions (age 15.5 ± 11.5 years, weight 51.3 ± 28.0 kg)353 meal traces
- Participants
- 120 individuals
- Comparison
- High vs low fat and protein meal content
- Outcome
- Effect of meal composition on gastric retention (GR), glucose rate of appearance (Ra) and insulin sensitivity (SI) estimated by MI-OMM
Methodological detailsmodel-based (Minimally-Invasive Oral Minimal Model (MI-OMM)), free-living conditions
- Model-based (MI-OMM)
- Free-living conditions
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Effect of high fat and protein content on GR, Ra and SI
- High fat and protein content significantly slowed gastric retention (GR)
- P < .01
- High fat and protein content significantly slowed rate of appearance (Ra)
- P < .01
- High fat and protein content reduced sensitivity (SI)
- P < .05
Further findings
Model fit
- MI-OMM fitted CGM profiles with precise and physiologically plausible parameter estimates
Original publication
Quantifying the Effect of Fat and Protein on the Postprandial Glucose Excursion in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes Using an Automated Insulin Delivery System. J Diabetes Sci Technol. Published 24 April 2026. doi:10.
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