Prognostic impact of metformin in diabetic patients undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI): protective effect is modified by procedural complexity
Main finding · 3-year MACCEsResult — go to the resultAdjusted hazard ratio 0.80 95% CI 0.70–0.92Authors' conclusion
In this observational study, there was significant difference in the efficacy of metformin in diabetic patients undergoing complex or non-complex PCI. Metformin use was associated with improved prognosis in patients with diabetes undergoing non-complex PCI.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with diabetes undergoing PCI at Fuwai hospital, January 2017 to December 2018; categorized into four groups by metformin use and PCI complexity
- Participants
- 11,585 patients
- Exposure
- Metformin use vs no metformin use, by PCI complexity
- Outcome
- MACCEs: cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), non-fatal stroke and unplanned revascularization
- Follow-up
- 3 years
Methodological detailssingle-centre, consecutive enrolment, multivariable adjustment
- Single-centre
- Consecutive enrolment
- Multivariable adjustment
Main finding
3-year MACCEs
Adjusted hazard ratio
0.80
95% CI 0.70–0.92
Metforminvs No metformin
adjusted HR 0.80 (95% CI 0.70–0.92)
As reported in the abstract
- Total major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) recorded
- 1292
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| MACCEs, non-complex PCI subgroup · 3 yearsNon-complex PCI | 0.65 (0.53–0.79) | |
| MACCEs, complex PCI subgroup · 3 yearsComplex PCI | 1.00 (0.83–1.21) | |
| 0.512Adjusted hazard ratio (log scale) |
Interaction between metformin and PCI complexity for 3-year MACCE rate
- Pinteraction
- 0.003
- Adjusted Pinteraction
- 0.002
Original publication
Prognostic impact of metformin in diabetic patients undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI): protective effect is modified by procedural complexity. Cardiovasc Diabetol. Published 14 February 2026. doi:10.
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