Primary Care–Initiated Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Insulin-Treated Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
In this cohort study of adults with insulin-treated diabetes, initiation of CGM by primary care clinicians was associated with clinically meaningful improvements in HbA1c and significant reductions in recurrent hospitalizations and ED visits.
Study context
- Population
- Adults ≥18 years with insulin-treated diabetes, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-naive, insured, with ≥1 primary care visit Aug 2022–Aug 2025, 18 primary care clinics at Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York; mean age 62.3 years, 56.0% female28.1% initiated CGM
- Participants
- 8,502 adults
- Exposure
- Primary care–initiated CGM vs no CGM initiation
- CGM initiationn = 2,392
- Outcome
- Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) trajectories; hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits
- Follow-up
- 12 months (HbA1c)
Methodological details18 primary care clinics, safety-net health system, mixed-effects models, recurrent event frailty models
- 18 primary care clinics
- Safety-net health system
- Mixed-effects models
- Recurrent event frailty models
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
HbA1c decrease; recurrent hospitalizations; ED visits · 12 months
CGM vs No CGMBetween-group difference, pp (95% CI)
HbA1c change at 12 months
−0.49(−0.62 to −0.35)
CGM vs No CGMHazard ratio (95% CI)
Recurrent hospitalizations
0.87(0.77–0.98)
Recurrent ED visits
0.82(0.74–0.91)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Primary Care–Initiated Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Insulin-Treated Diabetes. JAMA Netw Open. Published 1 July 2026. doi:10.
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