Prevalence of youth type 2 diabetes in global Indigenous populations: a systematic review
Authors' conclusion
Youth type 2 diabetes prevalence in Indigenous populations is very high, particularly in young adulthood, and among the female sex. Prevalence has increased over time. Future research should stratify data by age and pubertal status, and identify both protective and risk factors to inform targeted prevention strategies. Indigenous-led, community-specific approaches that actively engage youth are critical in the development and implementation of diabetes surveillance, prevention and management programmes.
Study context
- Population
- Indigenous youth aged <25 years, all regions; cross-sectional observational studies, 1980–202449 studies
- Outcome
- T2D point prevalence (per 1000) and prevalence trends
Methodological detailsno meta-analysis (heterogeneity), modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment
- No meta-analysis (heterogeneity)
- Modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Total T2D prevalence (33 of 49 studies, 36 populations, six countries and two self-governing states)
0-44 per 1000
Populations reporting prevalence >1 per 1000
75%
27/36
Further pooled results
Age-specific T2D prevalence (44 studies)
- Age <10 years
- 0-4 per 1000
- Age 10-19 years
- 0-44 per 1000
- Age 15-25 years
- 0-64 per 1000
- Increased prevalence with age
Gender-specific T2D prevalence (22 studies)
- Studies showing female predominance
- 77%
Secular trends (12 studies since 1981)
- Rising prevalence in young adults (15-25 years)
- eight of ten studies
- Rising prevalence in youth <15 years
- six of nine studies
Original publication
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