Prevalence of type 2 diabetes among global Indigenous adult populations: a systematic review
Authors' conclusion
Type 2 diabetes prevalence among Indigenous adult populations was markedly higher than the global averages in every decade from 1980 to 2020, with a mean of 73% of populations reporting higher prevalence. These findings underscore the persistent and disproportionate burden of diabetes experienced by many Indigenous communities over several decades. Future work should aim to generate representative data on type 2 diabetes prevalence across global Indigenous populations, investigate factors that contribute to alarmingly high and notably low diabetes prevalence, and support Indigenous-led, culturally safe, Indigenous population-specific health practices to prevent and manage type 2 diabetes and achieve equitable outcomes.
Study context
- Population
- Global Indigenous adult populations aged ≥18 years; English-language studies published 1 January 1980 to 3 March 2023 (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL)202 studies
- Outcome
- Region-, time-, age- and sex-specific T2D prevalence among Indigenous adult populations
Methodological detailsmodified Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment with Indigenous-specific criteria, Potential limitation: publication bias, 2332 studies identified; at least 187 Indigenous populations from 37 countries (approximate)
- Modified Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment with Indigenous-specific criteria
- Potential limitation: publication bias
- 2332 studies identified; at least 187 Indigenous populations from 37 countries (approximate)
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Diabetes prevalence range
0 to 40%
Mean share of Indigenous populations with T2D prevalence above estimated global prevalences, every decade 1980–2020
73%
Highest reported prevalence, 45-54 year age group
50.5%
Further pooled results
T2D prevalence by sex
- Studies reporting higher prevalence for Indigenous women than men
- 73%
Original publication
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