Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Prenatal Concentrations of Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Maternal Beta Cell Function at 7 to 9 Years of Follow-Up
Authors' conclusion
Prenatal exposure to PFAS may impact long-term maternal insulin resistance and beta cell function, key risk factors for type 2 diabetes. These associations differ by specific PFAS.
Study context
- Population
- Participants of the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study with second trimester plasma concentrations of 9 PFAS; metabolic biomarkers 7 to 9 years after pregnancy
- Participants
- 258 participants
- Exposure
- Per doubling of prenatal PFAS concentrations
- Outcome
- Percent change in maternal biomarkers of glucose homeostasis (proinsulin, C-peptide, insulin, glucose, HbA1c), beta cell function (PI:INS, PI:CP) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, triglyceride-glucose index) per doubling of PFAS
- Follow-up
- 7 to 9 years after pregnancy
Methodological detailsmultivariable linear regression, quantile g-computation and weighted quantile sum regression for PFAS mixture
- Multivariable linear regression
- Quantile g-computation and weighted quantile sum regression for PFAS mixture
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Percent change per doubling of PFAS · 7 to 9 years
- Perfluorononanoic acid: higher HOMA-IR
- 13.9% (95% CI: 0.8, 28.8)
- Perfluorodecanoic acid: higher HOMA-IR
- 10.5% (95% CI: −1.0, 23.4)
- Perfluorononanoic acid: higher fasting insulin
- 11.9% (95% CI: 0.1, 25.1)
- Perfluorodecanoic acid: higher fasting insulin
- 8.9% (95% CI: −1.5, 20.3)
- Perfluorooctanoic acid: increase in intact proinsulin
- 12.8% (95% CI: −3.5, 31.8)
- Perfluorooctanoic acid: increase in PI:INS
- 11.5% (95% CI: −4.4, 30.1)
- Perfluorooctanoic acid: increase in PI:CP
- 13.5% (95% CI: −2.4, 32.0)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Prenatal Concentrations of Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Maternal Beta Cell Function at 7 to 9 Years of Follow-Up. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 25 March 2025. doi:10.
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