Prediction of Sarcopenia Onset in Type 2 Diabetes Using Urinary Titin Levels: A Japanese Prospective Cohort Study
Main finding · Incident sarcopenia (AWGS 2019)Result — go to the resultAdjusted hazard ratio per SD 1.37 95% CI 1.05–1.77Authors' conclusion
Elevated urinary titin levels predict sarcopenia and low muscle strength in individuals with type 2 diabetes, supporting its use as a noninvasive biomarker.
Study context
- Population
- Japanese individuals with T2D41 developed sarcopenia
- Participants
- 444 individuals
- Exposure
- Urinary titin levels
- Outcome
- Incident sarcopenia (Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria, evaluated annually)
- Follow-up
- Median 1,078 days
Main finding
Incident sarcopenia (AWGS 2019)
Adjusted hazard ratio per SD
1.37
95% CI 1.05–1.77
P = 0.019
Titin
adjusted hazard ratio per SD 1.37 (95% CI 1.05–1.77); P = 0.019
As reported in the abstract
- High titin tertile associated with elevated sarcopenia risk
- log-rank P = 0.04
- Developed sarcopenia
- 41
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Low muscle strength
- Cox models associated titin with low muscle strength
Sarcopenia risk by subgroup
- Risk estimates consistent across subgroups incl. age ≥70 years, men, BMI <25 kg/m², HbA1c ≥7%, eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m²
- P for interaction > 0.05
Original publication
Prediction of Sarcopenia Onset in Type 2 Diabetes Using Urinary Titin Levels: A Japanese Prospective Cohort Study. Diabetes Care. Published 25 August 2025. doi:10.
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