Pre‐Treatment With Potassium Iodide and Higher Radioiodine Dose Are the Risk Factors of Mid‐to‐Late‐Phase Transient Thyrotoxicosis Following Radioiodine Therapy for Graves' Disease in Japanese Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors' conclusion
A higher 131I dose was an independent risk factor for mid-to-late-phase transient thyrotoxicosis after RIT. Higher pre-RIT FT3 levels and KI use may contribute to this risk. Identifying patients with these factors may be helpful for closer post-RIT monitoring to prevent complications and avoid misdiagnosing this transient event as a treatment failure.
Study context
- Population
- Japanese patients with Graves' disease (GD) who received radioiodine therapy (RIT) at a single university hospital
- Participants
- 200 patients
- Exposure
- No exacerbation vs Transient exacerbation vs Persistent exacerbation
- Transient exacerbationn = 62
- Outcome
- Mid-to-late-phase transient exacerbation of thyrotoxicosis after RIT (increase of ≥ 1.0 pg/mL in FT3 or ≥ 1.0 ng/dL in FT4)
- Follow-up
- 2 weeks to several months post-RIT
Methodological detailssingle-centre, Multivariable logistic regression guided by the Akaike Information Criterion
- Single-centre
- Multivariable logistic regression guided by the Akaike Information Criterion
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Transient thyrotoxicosis
- 62 patients (31.0%)
- Higher 131I dose, independent risk factor (multivariate logistic regression): OR 1.338, 95% CI 1.048-1.710
- p = 0.020
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Pre‐Treatment With Potassium Iodide and Higher Radioiodine Dose Are the Risk Factors of Mid‐to‐Late‐Phase Transient Thyrotoxicosis Following Radioiodine Therapy for Graves' Disease in Japanese Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). Published 5 January 2026. doi:10.
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