Optimizing Glycemic Control Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis
Pooled result · HbA1c reductionResult — go to the resultAbsolute mean difference 0.31 % 95% CI 0.26%–0.36%Authors' conclusion
This is the first overview of SLRs involving quantitative primary-level meta-analysis of studies of patients with diabetes of all ages and all CGM devices. While CGM devices show a significant overall benefit in reducing HbA1c, the high unexplained heterogeneity suggests that results should be generalized with caution, as the degree of benefit may vary across different clinical settings.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with diabetes of all ages, all continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices; PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science searched January 2000–February 2024
- Participants
- 78,261 patients40 systematic literature reviews (SLRs)
- Comparison
- CGM vs self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG)
- Outcome
- HbA1c
Methodological detailsrandom-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird), meta-regression, AMSTAR-2 and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) appraisal
- Random-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird)
- Meta-regression
- AMSTAR-2 and GRADE appraisal
Pooled result
HbA1c reduction
Absolute mean difference
0.31 %
95% CI 0.26%–0.36%
CGMvs SMBG
absolute mean difference 0.31 % (95% CI 0.26%–0.36%)
As reported in the abstract
- Heterogeneity I2
- 89.7%
Further pooled results
- Direction of effect favored CGM across subgroups
Original publication
Optimizing Glycemic Control Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. J Diabetes Sci Technol. Published 22 May 2026. doi:10.
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